--- title: "Sources & methodology" url: https://magnanimo.us/sources/ description: "How magnanimo.us researches and checks its guides, which kinds of sources we trust, and a complete index of every source URL cited on the site." type: page section: "About" published: 2026-10-20 updated: 2026-10-20 author: The Magnanimous Editors publisher: Magnanimous (https://magnanimo.us/) --- Methodology # Sources & methodology Where our numbers come from, how we decide what to trust, and every source we link to — in one place. Updated October 2026 ## How we research 1. **Start with the people who collect the data.** Giving USA and the Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy for donation totals; the IRS for tax rules; AmeriCorps and the Census Bureau for volunteering; USDA, EPA and ReFED for food waste; Feeding America and individual food banks for what pantries need. 2. **Read the original.** For research on happiness and generosity, we link to the paper or the publisher's page, not just press coverage, and note when findings have been replicated, qualified or challenged. 3. **Label the year.** Many reports cover a year earlier than the one they're published in. We say which year the data describes. 4. **Check every link.** Before publishing and on each update, every outbound link is checked automatically and replaced if it fails. ## What we treat with care - Industry surveys from companies that sell giving or fundraising software: useful, but we name who ran the survey. - Charity ratings: we attribute every rating to the evaluator and explain what it measures. - Inspirational stories: we only tell ones with reliable documentation, and flag disputed details. - Tax information: we cite IRS publications and note recent law changes; it is not tax advice. ## Every source we cite **134 distinct source URLs from 92 publishers**, generated automatically from the citations in our 20 guides and 2 daily entries. Grouped by publisher, most-cited first. - irs.gov (9) - [https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/annual-exempt-organization-return-who-must-file](https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/annual-exempt-organization-return-who-must-file) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/charitable-organizations/donor-advised-funds](https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/charitable-organizations/donor-advised-funds) — cited in [Donor-Advised Funds vs Direct Giving, Explained](https://magnanimo.us/donor-advised-funds/) - [https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/form-990-series-which-forms-do-exempt-organizations-file-filing-phase-in](https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/form-990-series-which-forms-do-exempt-organizations-file-filing-phase-in) — cited in [Donor-Advised Funds vs Direct Giving, Explained](https://magnanimo.us/donor-advised-funds/), [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/tax-exempt-organization-search](https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/tax-exempt-organization-search) — cited in [Charitable Tax Deductions: 2025–2026 Basics](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-tax-deductions/), [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/one-big-beautiful-bill-act-tax-deductions-for-working-americans-and-seniors](https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/one-big-beautiful-bill-act-tax-deductions-for-working-americans-and-seniors) — cited in [Tipping Guide 2026: How Much to Tip, and Why It Matters](https://magnanimo.us/tipping-guide/) - [https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/one-big-beautiful-bill-provisions](https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/one-big-beautiful-bill-provisions) — cited in [Charitable Tax Deductions: 2025–2026 Basics](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-tax-deductions/), [Donor-Advised Funds vs Direct Giving, Explained](https://magnanimo.us/donor-advised-funds/) - [https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/n-25-67.pdf](https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/n-25-67.pdf) — cited in [Charitable Tax Deductions: 2025–2026 Basics](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-tax-deductions/) - [https://www.irs.gov/publications/p526](https://www.irs.gov/publications/p526) — cited in [Charitable Tax Deductions: 2025–2026 Basics](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-tax-deductions/), [Donor-Advised Funds vs Direct Giving, Explained](https://magnanimo.us/donor-advised-funds/), [Workplace Matching Gifts: How to Double Your Donation](https://magnanimo.us/matching-gifts/), [How to Start Volunteering (and What the Data Says)](https://magnanimo.us/volunteering/) - [https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc506](https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc506) — cited in [Charitable Tax Deductions: 2025–2026 Basics](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-tax-deductions/), [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - feedingamerica.org (6) - [https://www.feedingamerica.org/about-us](https://www.feedingamerica.org/about-us) — cited in [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/), [How to Organize a Food Drive: Step-by-Step Plan](https://magnanimo.us/organize-a-food-drive/) - [https://www.feedingamerica.org/find-your-local-foodbank](https://www.feedingamerica.org/find-your-local-foodbank) — cited in [Food Drive Season: What Pantries Need Most](https://magnanimo.us/daily/2026-10-22-food-drive-most-needed/), [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/), [How to Organize a Food Drive: Step-by-Step Plan](https://magnanimo.us/organize-a-food-drive/) - [https://www.feedingamerica.org/hunger-blog/donating-food-food-bank-consider-cash-instead-canned-goods](https://www.feedingamerica.org/hunger-blog/donating-food-food-bank-consider-cash-instead-canned-goods) — cited in [Food Drive Season: What Pantries Need Most](https://magnanimo.us/daily/2026-10-22-food-drive-most-needed/) - [https://www.feedingamerica.org/hunger-blog/what-donate-food-bank-and-what-avoid](https://www.feedingamerica.org/hunger-blog/what-donate-food-bank-and-what-avoid) — cited in [Food Drive Season: What Pantries Need Most](https://magnanimo.us/daily/2026-10-22-food-drive-most-needed/), [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/), [How to Organize a Food Drive: Step-by-Step Plan](https://magnanimo.us/organize-a-food-drive/) - [https://www.feedingamerica.org/ways-to-give](https://www.feedingamerica.org/ways-to-give) — cited in [Food Drive Season: What Pantries Need Most](https://magnanimo.us/daily/2026-10-22-food-drive-most-needed/), [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/), [How to Organize a Food Drive: Step-by-Step Plan](https://magnanimo.us/organize-a-food-drive/) - [https://www.feedingamerica.org/ways-to-give/food-drives](https://www.feedingamerica.org/ways-to-give/food-drives) — cited in [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/), [How to Organize a Food Drive: Step-by-Step Plan](https://magnanimo.us/organize-a-food-drive/) - pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (6) - [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17569866/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17569866/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18356530/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18356530/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22720078/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22720078/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23421326/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23421326/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23421360/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23421360/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32250135/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32250135/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - givewell.org (4) - [https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities](https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities) — cited in [Effective Giving: How to Make Your Donations Go Further](https://magnanimo.us/effective-giving/) - [https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work](https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work) — cited in [Effective Giving: How to Make Your Donations Go Further](https://magnanimo.us/effective-giving/) - [https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work/criteria](https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work/criteria) — cited in [Effective Giving: How to Make Your Donations Go Further](https://magnanimo.us/effective-giving/) - [https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work/our-criteria/cost-effectiveness](https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work/our-criteria/cost-effectiveness) — cited in [Effective Giving: How to Make Your Donations Go Further](https://magnanimo.us/effective-giving/) - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (4) - [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1622872/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1622872/) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3375233/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3375233/) — cited in [Teaching Kids Generosity: Age-by-Age Ideas That Work](https://magnanimo.us/teaching-kids-generosity/) - [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3776775/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3776775/) — cited in [Generosity at Work: Practical Ideas Backed by Research](https://magnanimo.us/generosity-at-work/) - [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9451075/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9451075/) — cited in [The Helper's High: What the Research on Giving Shows](https://magnanimo.us/daily/2026-10-21-helpers-high/), [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - consumer.ftc.gov (3) - [https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/giving-charity](https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/giving-charity) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/11/donate-charities-not-scammers-giving-tuesday](https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/11/donate-charities-not-scammers-giving-tuesday) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/) - [https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2026/08/when-donating-support-those-need-not-scammer](https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2026/08/when-donating-support-those-need-not-scammer) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - give.org (3) - [https://give.org/](https://give.org/) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/), [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://give.org/donor-landing-page/bbb-standards-for-charity-accountability](https://give.org/donor-landing-page/bbb-standards-for-charity-accountability) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://give.org/news/giving-usa-2026-charitable-giving-trends](https://give.org/news/giving-usa-2026-charitable-giving-trends) — cited in [US Charitable Giving Statistics (Giving USA 2026)](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-giving-statistics/) - givingtuesday.org (3) - [https://www.givingtuesday.org/](https://www.givingtuesday.org/) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/) - [https://www.givingtuesday.org/about/](https://www.givingtuesday.org/about/) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/) - [https://www.givingtuesday.org/blog/2025-results](https://www.givingtuesday.org/blog/2025-results) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/) - charitynavigator.org (2) - [https://www.charitynavigator.org/](https://www.charitynavigator.org/) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - [https://www.charitynavigator.org/about-us/our-methodology/ratings/](https://www.charitynavigator.org/about-us/our-methodology/ratings/) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - doi.org (2) - [https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000191](https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000191) — cited in [The Helper's High: What the Research on Giving Shows](https://magnanimo.us/daily/2026-10-21-helpers-high/) - [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075509](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075509) — cited in [Generosity at Work: Practical Ideas Backed by Research](https://magnanimo.us/generosity-at-work/) - en.wikipedia.org (2) - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GivingTuesday](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GivingTuesday) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/) - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnanimity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnanimity) — cited in [What Does Magnanimous Mean? Definition, Origin, Aristotle](https://magnanimo.us/what-does-magnanimous-mean/) - epa.gov (2) - [https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/food-material-specific-data](https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/food-material-specific-data) — cited in [Reduce Food Waste and Share Your Surplus Safely](https://magnanimo.us/food-waste-share-surplus/) - [https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/wasted-food-scale](https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/wasted-food-scale) — cited in [Reduce Food Waste and Share Your Surplus Safely](https://magnanimo.us/food-waste-share-surplus/) - ers.usda.gov (2) - [https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/113622](https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/113622) — cited in [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/) - [https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/food-security-in-the-us/key-statistics-graphics](https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/food-security-in-the-us/key-statistics-graphics) — cited in [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/) - fairplayinternational.org (2) - [https://www.fairplayinternational.org/categories](https://www.fairplayinternational.org/categories) — cited in [How to Win and Lose Graciously: A Sportsmanship Guide](https://magnanimo.us/gracious-winning-and-losing/) - [https://www.fairplayinternational.org/cifp-history](https://www.fairplayinternational.org/cifp-history) — cited in [How to Win and Lose Graciously: A Sportsmanship Guide](https://magnanimo.us/gracious-winning-and-losing/), [Famous Magnanimous Acts in History and Sports](https://magnanimo.us/magnanimous-acts-in-history/) - fda.gov (2) - [https://www.fda.gov/food/buy-store-serve-safe-food/safe-food-handling](https://www.fda.gov/food/buy-store-serve-safe-food/safe-food-handling) — cited in [Reduce Food Waste and Share Your Surplus Safely](https://magnanimo.us/food-waste-share-surplus/), [How to Organize a Meal Train for a Neighbor](https://magnanimo.us/meal-train/) - [https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-food-labeling-and-critical-foods/food-allergies](https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-food-labeling-and-critical-foods/food-allergies) — cited in [How to Organize a Meal Train for a Neighbor](https://magnanimo.us/meal-train/) - givingwhatwecan.org (2) - [https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/blog/do-effective-altruists-only-value-short-term-measurable-outcomes](https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/blog/do-effective-altruists-only-value-short-term-measurable-outcomes) — cited in [Effective Giving: How to Make Your Donations Go Further](https://magnanimo.us/effective-giving/) - [https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/pledge](https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/pledge) — cited in [Effective Giving: How to Make Your Donations Go Further](https://magnanimo.us/effective-giving/) - merriam-webster.com (2) - [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/magnanimity](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/magnanimity) — cited in [What Does Magnanimous Mean? Definition, Origin, Aristotle](https://magnanimo.us/what-does-magnanimous-mean/) - [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/magnanimous](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/magnanimous) — cited in [What Does Magnanimous Mean? Definition, Origin, Aristotle](https://magnanimo.us/what-does-magnanimous-mean/) - nasconet.org (2) - [https://www.nasconet.org/](https://www.nasconet.org/) — cited in [GivingTuesday 2026: Date, History and How to Take Part](https://magnanimo.us/giving-tuesday/) - [https://www.nasconet.org/resources/state-government/](https://www.nasconet.org/resources/state-government/) — cited in [How to Vet a Charity (and Spot Charity Scams)](https://magnanimo.us/how-to-vet-a-charity/) - philanthropy.indianapolis.iu.edu (2) - [https://philanthropy.indianapolis.iu.edu/news-events/news/_news/2013/women-give-2013.html](https://philanthropy.indianapolis.iu.edu/news-events/news/_news/2013/women-give-2013.html) — cited in [Teaching Kids Generosity: Age-by-Age Ideas That Work](https://magnanimo.us/teaching-kids-generosity/) - [https://philanthropy.indianapolis.iu.edu/news-events/news/_news/2024/drop-in-share-of-americans-who-give-to-charity-accelerated-in-first-year-of-covid-19-even-as-average-amount-given-rose.html](https://philanthropy.indianapolis.iu.edu/news-events/news/_news/2024/drop-in-share-of-americans-who-give-to-charity-accelerated-in-first-year-of-covid-19-even-as-average-amount-given-rose.html) — cited in [US Charitable Giving Statistics (Giving USA 2026)](https://magnanimo.us/charitable-giving-statistics/) - refed.org (2) - [https://refed.org/articles/new-report-nationwide-reduction-in-food-waste-driven-by-households/](https://refed.org/articles/new-report-nationwide-reduction-in-food-waste-driven-by-households/) — cited in [Reduce Food Waste and Share Your Surplus Safely](https://magnanimo.us/food-waste-share-surplus/) - [https://refed.org/food-waste/the-problem/](https://refed.org/food-waste/the-problem/) — cited in [Reduce Food Waste and Share Your Surplus Safely](https://magnanimo.us/food-waste-share-surplus/) - abcnews4.com (1) - [https://abcnews4.com/news/local/lowcountry-food-bank-summer-is-among-busiest-seasons-as-donations-dip-after-school-ends](https://abcnews4.com/news/local/lowcountry-food-bank-summer-is-among-busiest-seasons-as-donations-dip-after-school-ends) — cited in [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/), [How to Organize a Food Drive: Step-by-Step Plan](https://magnanimo.us/organize-a-food-drive/) - agri-pulse.com (1) - [https://www.agri-pulse.com/articles/23962-last-usda-hunger-survey-shows-food-insecurity-at-10-year-high](https://www.agri-pulse.com/articles/23962-last-usda-hunger-survey-shows-food-insecurity-at-10-year-high) — cited in [What Food Banks Actually Need Most (and What to Skip)](https://magnanimo.us/donate-to-food-banks/) - americorps.gov (1) - [https://americorps.gov/](https://americorps.gov/) — cited in [How to Start Volunteering (and What the Data Says)](https://magnanimo.us/volunteering/) - apa.org (1) - [https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2013/02/people-giving](https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2013/02/people-giving) — cited in [The Science of Giving: Does Generosity Make You Happier?](https://magnanimo.us/science-of-giving/) - aspeninstitute.org (1) - [https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/National-Youth-Sports-Parent-Survey-FINAL.pdf](https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/National-Youth-Sports-Parent-Survey-FINAL.pdf) — cited in [How to Win and Lose Graciously: A Sportsmanship Guide](https://magnanimo.us/gracious-winning-and-losing/) - bls.gov (1) - [https://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/volun_02252016.htm](https://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/volun_02252016.htm) — cited in [How to Start Volunteering (and What the Data Says)](https://magnanimo.us/volunteering/) - cambridge.org (1) - [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/review-of-politics/article/aristotles-greatsouled-man/2040FC9BD14AED7A70562D29B6CE5A38](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/review-of-politics/article/aristotles-greatsouled-man/2040FC9BD14AED7A70562D29B6CE5A38) — cited in [What Does Magnanimous Mean? 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